① Divided by the frequency of the loudspeaker playback

A. Full frequency speaker: capable of reproducing full frequency sound (20hz-22khz).

B. Tweeter Speaker: also known as tweeter head and tweeter, it mainly reproduces the sound of high-frequency part (6-22khz).

C. Midrange speaker: capable of reproducing 200hz-6khz sound.

D. Subwoofer: also known as subwoofer or subwoofer (16hz-200hz).

② By size

It can be divided into tweeters 80mm (3in), 100mm (4in), 130mm (5in), 150mm (6in), 200mm (8in), 250mm (10In), 300mm (12in), etc. (note 1in = 25.3mm) and 100mm × 150mm、130mm × 150mm、150mm × 230mm, etc. It can be selected according to the reserved size in the vehicle.

③ By performance and use

It can be divided into: unit speaker, package speaker, coaxial speaker and subwoofer.

A. Unit Speaker:

Most of the original speakers on the vehicle are unit speakers, which are simple in structure and can only show the medium frequency range. They are low-end products because the high frequency is not bright and the low frequency is not thick.

B. Package Speaker:

The set of speakers is composed of tweeters (loudspeakers), midrange speakers and frequency dividers. There are two kinds of frequency division and three frequency division in common use, which are advantageous to the localization of the sound field. Because different speakers are responsible for different frequencies, their frequency division is accurate and their frequency range is wide. Here we will introduce the frequency divider. The frequency divider connects the sound source, high tone, medium and low tone to make it a system. Its function is to allocate the correct frequency to the corresponding speakers to ensure that the high and medium tone speakers can perform their respective functions. Some frequency dividers are marked with 0, - 3dB and - 6dB. It is actually an attenuation circuit of a tweeter. You can choose which tweeter to connect according to your listening preference.

Because the packaged speakers have excellent sound field positioning ability, they are generally used in the front sound field. During installation, it should be noted that the distance between the tweeter and the midrange speaker should not exceed 30cm. So that the sound is not too scattered. The installation position of the tweeter is particularly important. Because it will determine the position of the entire sound field.

Input is the sound source input, woo is connected to the midrange speaker, and twe is connected to the tweeter speaker.

Woo and twe also write mid and high. The labels of different manufacturers are different, so we should accumulate more English words at ordinary times (there is an appendix at the end of the book). Only speakers of this set of models can be connected to the frequency divider. Do not connect other speakers randomly. Because the frequency dividing point and other parameters of this set of loudspeakers are well designed, if other loudspeakers are randomly connected, the effect will not meet the design requirements, and even the tweeter speakers will be burned.

C. Coaxial speaker:

That is, the high and medium tone speakers are placed on the coaxial or the same chassis. The advantages of coaxial speakers are easy installation and consistent sound source, i.e. point sound source. The disadvantage is that the high voice often "covers" the middle voice; The sound is hard and the sound field is uneven. It is generally recommended to be used as a rear sound field speaker. 150mm in practice × The performance of 230mm coaxial speakers is good.

D. Woofer:

Generally more than 200mm, installed in a specially made bass box. The smaller the size of the woofer, the harder and more brittle the sound effect; The larger the size, the deeper the sound effect and the heavier the residual sound.

At present, a ready-made subwoofer is used in the market to make bass, which saves the trouble of making speakers, but the effect is not as good as speakers. Subwoofer is only a low-end product. Subwoofer can be divided into active and passive flat. Active subwoofer refers to the built-in power amplifier with independent power supply to drive the subwoofer to drive the subwoofer. The passive subwoofer has no built-in power amplifier, and the subwoofer is directly driven by the on-board power amplifier.

The bass can greatly improve the listening experience in the car, especially in high-speed driving, the bass will be greatly attenuated, so it is necessary to add a bass system. Subwoofer can generally be divided into single voice coil and double voice coil. Its impedance is 2 Ω, 4 Ω, 6 Ω, 8 Ω and 6 Ω, which are commonly used in European loudspeakers.